- identify cell structures and describe their functions - use appropriate terminology related to cells - explain the importance of cell division in growth and repair - describe the phases of mitosis and cytokinesis - recognize that errors of cell division have the potential to cause disease
SKILLS
- draw labelled biological drawings - examine cells under a microscope - communicate ideas, plans, procedures, results, and conclusions using appropriate language and formats - analyze and interpret qualitative and/or quantitative data - apply the mathematical concepts of ratio and proportion
Concepts Review
Key:
T/I: Thinking and Investigation K/U: Knowledge and Understanding C: Communications A: Application
1. Match the cell structures on the left with the most appropriate descriptions on the right. K/U (a) mitochondria (b) nucleus (c) cell membrane (d) chloroplast (e) chromosome (f) centromere
(i) site of photosynthesis (ii) structure within the nucleus that contains genetic information (iii) point of attachment of spindle fibres during mitosis (iv) controls what enters and leaves the cell (v) site of cellular respiration (vi) contains the cell's chromosomes
2. Identify the parts of the cell shown in Figure 1. K/U
Image: An illustration of a cross cut section of a cell and the various parts that make up a cell
3. Growth and reproduction are related to the processes of mitosis and cytokinesis.K/U (a) Explain how mitosis and cytokinesis are required for growth. (b) Explain how mitosis and cytokinesis can be used for the purpose of reproduction. (c) Can all organisms reproduce using cell division? Explain. 4. Identify, and briefly explain, the function of each cell structure shown in Figure 2.K/U
Image: An illustration of a cell with the chromosomes inside the cell
5. (a) Figure 3 shows a Frayer diagram for the term prokaryote. Copy the diagram into your notebook and complete it.
Figure 3
Image: A square divided into four equal sections with a circle in the middle of those sections. The upper left section is labeled definition, the lower left section is labeled examples, the upper right section is key characteristics, the lower right section is non-examples and the circle in the middle is prokaryote.
(b) Draw and complete a new Frayer diagram for the term eukaryote. K/U T/I C
6. Explain the different ways in which mitosis and cytokinesis are useful for unicellular and multicellular organisms. K/U A
7. Interphase is sometimes called the "resting" stage of the cell cycle. Why is this a poor description of interphase? K/U
Print Page 135
Key:
T/I: Thinking and Investigation K/U: Knowledge and Understanding C: Communications A: Application
8. (a) Is mitosis occurring in your body right now? (b) What types of cells do you think are undergoing mitosis and cytokinesis? T/I A
9. What is meant by each of the following terms? K/U (a) cell differentiation (b) asexual reproduction (c) sex cells
10. A particular plant cell was found to contain 32 chromosomes during interphase. What would happen to the number of chromosomes in the cell if the plant cell underwent mitosis but then did not undergo cytokinesis?K/U T/I A
11. Describe the relationship between cancer and (a) cell division (b) mutations K/U
12. Define sexual and asexual reproduction, and provide examples of organisms that use these methods. K/U
13. A cat breeder mated a black male cat with a white female cat. All of the kittens were either white or black; none of them were grey. Does this surprise you? What does the colour of the offspring suggest about the inheritance of hair colour? K/U A
14. Scientists are attempting to genetically modify banana plants so that they produce vaccines within their fruits (Figure 4). Rather than receiving a needle injection, children could be vaccinated simply by eating one or more of these bananas. Do you think this is a good idea? Why or why not? A
Figure 4 A banana plant
15. Identical twins are genetically identical to each other because they came from the same fertilized egg. K/U T/I A (a) Describe the physical characteristics they may share with each other. (b) Do you think the fact that they are genetically identical has any influence on how similar or dissimilar their personalities are?
Skills Review
16. Suppose you are planning to use the high-power objective lens. K/U (a) Describe the steps needed to focus when using the high-power objective lens. (b) What is the function of the diaphragm?
17. Describe the key things you must remember when making a proper biological drawing. K/U T/I A
18. Draw and label a simple diagram of the cell cycle. Include labels for interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. K/U A C
19. (a) What is the purpose of using a biological stain? (b) Describe how you would apply a stain to a specimen you wanted to view under the microscope. K/U T/I A
20. Biologists are often interested in comparing the ratio of one variable to another. After collecting data, they often convert ratios to simple whole number ratios. For example, wildlife biologists counted 20 lynx and 180 snowshoe hares in a large ecosystem. These values can be expressed as a ratio of 20:180 or 1:9. The expression 1:9 represents the lowest whole number ratio and means that for every 1 lynx there were 9 snowshoe hares.
Calculate the lowest whole number ratios for the following samples: K/U T/I A (a) 2000 mice and 40 snakes (b) 48 maple trees and 16 pine trees (c) 181 native crayfish and 543 invasive rusty crayfish (d) 30 yellow roses, 90 red roses, and 60 pink roses
CONCEPTS
- identify cell structures and describe their functions
- use appropriate terminology related to cells
- explain the importance of cell division in growth and repair
- describe the phases of mitosis and cytokinesis
- recognize that errors of cell division have the potential to cause disease
SKILLS
- draw labelled biological drawings
- examine cells under a microscope
- communicate ideas, plans, procedures, results, and conclusions using appropriate language and formats
- analyze and interpret qualitative and/or quantitative data
- apply the mathematical concepts of ratio and proportion
Concepts Review
Key:
T/I: Thinking and Investigation
K/U: Knowledge and Understanding
C: Communications
A: Application
1. Match the cell structures on the left with the most appropriate descriptions on the right. K/U
(a) mitochondria
(b) nucleus
(c) cell membrane
(d) chloroplast
(e) chromosome
(f) centromere
(i) site of photosynthesis
(ii) structure within the nucleus that contains genetic information
(iii) point of attachment of spindle fibres during mitosis
(iv) controls what enters and leaves the cell
(v) site of cellular respiration
(vi) contains the cell's chromosomes
2. Identify the parts of the cell shown in Figure 1. K/U
Image: An illustration of a cross cut section of a cell and the various parts that make up a cell
3. Growth and reproduction are related to the processes of mitosis and cytokinesis.K/U
(a) Explain how mitosis and cytokinesis are required for growth.
(b) Explain how mitosis and cytokinesis can be used for the purpose of reproduction.
(c) Can all organisms reproduce using cell division? Explain.
4. Identify, and briefly explain, the function of each cell structure shown in Figure 2.K/U
Image: An illustration of a cell with the chromosomes inside the cell
5. (a) Figure 3 shows a Frayer diagram for the term prokaryote. Copy the diagram into your notebook and complete it.
Figure 3
Image: A square divided into four equal sections with a circle in the middle of those sections. The upper left section is labeled definition, the lower left section is labeled examples, the upper right section is key characteristics, the lower right section is non-examples and the circle in the middle is prokaryote.
(b) Draw and complete a new Frayer diagram for the term eukaryote. K/U T/I C
6. Explain the different ways in which mitosis and cytokinesis are useful for unicellular and multicellular organisms. K/U A
7. Interphase is sometimes called the "resting" stage of the cell cycle. Why is this a poor description of interphase? K/U
Print Page 135
Key:
T/I: Thinking and Investigation
K/U: Knowledge and Understanding
C: Communications
A: Application
8. (a) Is mitosis occurring in your body right now?
(b) What types of cells do you think are undergoing mitosis and cytokinesis? T/I A
9. What is meant by each of the following terms? K/U
(a) cell differentiation
(b) asexual reproduction
(c) sex cells
10. A particular plant cell was found to contain 32 chromosomes during interphase. What would happen to the number of chromosomes in the cell if the plant cell underwent mitosis but then did not undergo cytokinesis?K/U T/I A
11. Describe the relationship between cancer and
(a) cell division
(b) mutations K/U
12. Define sexual and asexual reproduction, and provide examples of organisms that use these methods. K/U
13. A cat breeder mated a black male cat with a white female cat. All of the kittens were either white or black; none of them were grey. Does this surprise you? What does the colour of the offspring suggest about the inheritance of hair colour? K/U A
14. Scientists are attempting to genetically modify banana plants so that they produce vaccines within their fruits (Figure 4). Rather than receiving a needle injection, children could be vaccinated simply by eating one or more of these bananas. Do you think this is a good idea? Why or why not? A
Figure 4 A banana plant
15. Identical twins are genetically identical to each other because they came from the same fertilized egg. K/U T/I A
(a) Describe the physical characteristics they may share with each other.
(b) Do you think the fact that they are genetically identical has any influence on how similar or dissimilar their personalities are?
Skills Review
16. Suppose you are planning to use the high-power objective lens. K/U
(a) Describe the steps needed to focus when using the high-power objective lens.
(b) What is the function of the diaphragm?
17. Describe the key things you must remember when making a proper biological drawing. K/U T/I A
18. Draw and label a simple diagram of the cell cycle. Include labels for interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. K/U A C
19. (a) What is the purpose of using a biological stain?
(b) Describe how you would apply a stain to a specimen you wanted to view under the microscope. K/U T/I A
20. Biologists are often interested in comparing the ratio of one variable to another. After collecting data, they often convert ratios to simple whole number ratios. For example, wildlife biologists counted 20 lynx and
180 snowshoe hares in a large ecosystem. These values can be expressed as a ratio of 20:180 or 1:9. The expression 1:9 represents the lowest whole number ratio and means that for every 1 lynx there were
9 snowshoe hares.
Calculate the lowest whole number ratios for the following samples: K/U T/I A
(a) 2000 mice and 40 snakes
(b) 48 maple trees and 16 pine trees
(c) 181 native crayfish and 543 invasive rusty crayfish
(d) 30 yellow roses, 90 red roses, and 60 pink roses